Framework Big Data Information Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What Is The Meaning And Concept Of Security, Regulation, Technology: In Context Of Smart Cities? What Are The Challenges That Influence Security, Regulation, Technology, And Relationship Between Public And Private Sector? Which Strategies Are Effective For Improving The Practices Security, Regulation, Technology, And Relationship Between Public And Private Sector? Answers: Presentation This report presents the comprehension towards numerous elements that will support to make the shrewd urban communities suitably. It likewise examines point and destinations of the examination. In last, it shows the numerous procedures, for example, research ways of thinking, research approach, research methodology, research structure, information assortment technique, information investigation strategy, research impediment, moral thought, and examining strategy. These procedures are a significant piece of examination technique as could likewise be strong to offer an open door for the exploration researcher to gather the precise data with regards to the ebb and flow research predicament and acquire the positive outcome. Exploration title The exploration title is to investigate the job of security, guidelines, fast change in innovation, overseeing change, and the transaction between people in general and private segments: in setting of Smart urban areas, Dubai. Exploration foundation Association additionally faces numerous issues because of absence of comprehension about trend setting innovation. In Dubai, organizations can't draw in an enormous number of clients and decay the exchanging cost because of quick change in innovation. Additionally, rules and guideline of nation could impact the financial state of the country. Dubai has utilized numerous arrangements with respect to most recent innovation, dealing with the vulnerability, and the connection among open and private segment (Albino, et al., 2015). It could be compelling for the improvement of the nation. Consequently, an association has expected to pick up their insight about the principles and guideline of shrewd nations for improving their monetary circumstance in constrained time. Subsequently, it enables the associations of Dubai to improve their business to process. The proper guidelines and most recent innovation could support to make a shrewd nation. In Dubai, countless associations can't successfully maintain their business and get plausible result because of unseemly guidelines and guideline, security, and in novation of their nation. Consequently, association is required to build up their mindfulness about techniques of savvy districts as it could be basic to get a tremendous measure of advantages. Moreover, the nation will have the option to improve the way of life as it could coordinate effect on the nation circumstance. Moreover, it is additionally tended to that numerous organizations have upgraded their mindfulness towards rules and guideline of keen districts as it will assist the association with getting a serious advantage (Piro, et al., 2014). It will likewise help the organization to build their insight towards most recent methods for giving their earnest attempts to make the Dubai into the keen nation. Savvy County give suitable guideline, security, and most recent innovation to their association as it could help to as often as possible improve their monetary condition (Baek, et al., 2015). Subsequently, the organization will rehearse the advertising system to deal with their vulnerability and work their firm, which will assist with acquiring the serious advantage. Subsequently, an organization would have the option to improve their firm execution. Besides, it is likewise examined that association could likewise be able to make their interior capacities and improving their serious advantages. What's more, it is likewise discovered that there is absence of study on the job of security, guideline, innovation, open and private division relationship in making a brilliant nation. Henceforth, research researcher has chosen to finish their exploration on this specific point. Besides, the importance and accessibility of data about examination matter could likewise inspire the exploration researcher to lead their exploration on the flow research issue. Accordingly, the analyst will be competent to get precise data with regards to explore issues in constrained assets and time. In addition, this examination will be compelling for the examiner and peruser because of improving their current comprehension about various elements that help to make the brilliant urban communities. Exploration point and destinations The primary point of this exploration is to address the job of security, guidelines, fast change in innovation, overseeing change, and the exchange between general society and private segments in Smart urban communities. The accompanying exploration targets will be utilized to achieve the examination point. To investigate the importance and idea of security, guideline, innovation, and connection among open and private area: in setting of the Smart urban areas To investigate the difficulties that impact security, guideline, innovation, and connection among open and private area: in setting of the Smart urban areas To suggest the methodologies for improving the practices security, guideline, innovation, and connection among open and private area: in setting of Smart urban areas Avocation of examination In Dubai, an association faces trouble in their business procedure because of absence of security, guideline, and innovation as it could coordinate effect on the development of the firm. Besides, it is additionally analyzed that absence of comprehension about the most recent innovation, the connection among open and private segment. Thusly, it will decrease the likelihood of business achievement. Along these lines, it can likewise be assessed that this proposition shows the job of innovation, guideline, and security on the keen urban communities. Examination philosophy The examination philosophy is vital for investigating reasonable technique as it will be compelling to achieve research objective. In this, numerous techniques will be involved like exploration theory, research methodology, research approach, information assortment strategy, examining technique, information investigation, and moral thought (Hashem, et al., 2016). Exploration Onion Framework The exploration onion system incorporates certain, procedures, approaches, and strategies as it could be utilized by the specialist to gather the exact data for achieving the examination point and destinations. Moreover, it is likewise discovered that the onion structure is polished for creating the profundity understanding with respect to explore modes (Al Nuaimi, et al., 2015). The onion structure is steady to create exact information about exploration strategies as it could be successful to improve the nature of up and coming examination result. In this exploration study, research onion system will likewise be polished by the examiner for gathering possible instruments and modes, which could be basic to accomplish the examination point and targets. In addition, this structure will likewise bolster scientist to profoundly examination research instruments and procedures (Taylor, et al., 2015). Examination reasoning The examination reasoning is a fundamental piece of exploration procedure. This strategy considers certain procedures like positivism, interpretivism, and authenticity. The positivist way of thinking is strong to increase real comprehension about specific exploration issue (Mackey and Gass, 2015).This strategy permits research researcher to build up the theory with respect to investigate matter. In this, the organized approach is utilized for achieving research objective. Interestingly, the interpretivism theory empowers the examination researcher to utilize the subjective technique and get hypothetical information about exploration matter. Thus, an analyst could likewise be skilled to achieve the good outcome. Other than this, the authenticity theory depends on the genuine factor. Further, it is a mix of both positivism and interpretivism reasoning (Lewis, 2015). It is utilized to decide the causal connection between multiple factors. For this examination, a specialist will utilize the interpretivism theory than the other technique since it will permit the analyst to gather theoretical information towards the exploration matter and meet the exploration targets and point. Examination approach The examination approach is a strategy or way wherein the entire exploration study is organized to adequately lead the exploration. There are various types of variables that are considered in the exploration like inductive and deductive examination approach (Silverman, 2016). The deductive methodology encourages the scientist to build up the speculation in the interest of examination matter and meet the objective of exploration. It likewise empowers the scientist to build up the calculated model towards research issue (Neuman and Robson, 2014).The created theory is acknowledged and dismissed for the benefit of gathered information. Other than this, the inductive methodology offices research researcher to get non-numeric information about examination issue. This strategy additionally empowers the specialist to get the dependable information by utilizing the perception technique (Panneerselvam, 2014). For this exploration study, an examination researcher will utilize the inductive methodology as opposed to deductive methodology. Since, this methodology permits the exploration researcher to focus on parts of savvy urban communities and gather fitting information. In this examination study, there is no compelling reason to build up any exploration theory consequently the deductive methodology won't be considered by the analyst. The inductive methodology will empower the analyst to get a substantial and dependable result. Examination system The examination system is viable for research as it could support to acquire a solid and legitimate result. The examination technique considers numerous variables like meetings, tests, overviews, and contextual investigations (Mayer, 2015). This strategy is vital for leading the examination in an orderly manner. The exploration system orders the examiners to lead their examination in a normalized way as it could be suitable to get an achievable outcome. The subjective and quantitative exploration system is consid

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 20 Free Essays

Faye, Deborah, and Suzan were the keep going to show up on the feign. They stumbled toward the others, blurred looked at and rumpled, and seriously underdressed for the pre-first light chill. â€Å"They were out having a decent time,† Adam said when he saw them coming. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 20 or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now â€Å"Looks like they still are.† â€Å"So what’s the enormous emergency?† Faye called out in a voice excessively uproarious. â€Å"It should be acceptable. Do you have any thought what time it is?† â€Å"What’s amiss with you?† Melanie inquired. Faye laughed hysterically giggling and congratulated Melanie on the shoulder. â€Å"You and Laurel aren’t the main ones keen on herbology.† She pulled an eyedropper from her pocket. â€Å"Care for a taste? It’s all natural.† Melanie’s face solidified. â€Å"This is no time for that,† she said. â€Å"The trackers have Scarlett.† Faye restored the eyedropper to her pocket. â€Å"I surmise that’s a no, then.† Cassie decided to overlook Faye, Deborah, and Suzan and just location the others, who were fit for focusing. â€Å"Scarlett doesn’t know where she is,† Cassie said. â€Å"But she’s alarmed they’re going to murder her.† She proceeded to depict her fantasy in distinctive detail, how the trackers were holding Scarlett hostage, tormenting her, and considering her forces, and how she asked Cassie to come spare her. â€Å"What should we do?† Adam guided the inquiry to Diana, however it was Cassie who replied. â€Å"We need to discover where the trackers are keeping her,† she said. â€Å"We can utilize the locator spell Constance instructed us.† â€Å"Yes!† Faye stated, gazing up at the moon as though it were addressing her. â€Å"We’re back to utilizing magic!† â€Å"Not so fast.† Diana pressed together her lips. â€Å"We need to explore this very carefully.† â€Å"Buzz-killer,† Faye said. â€Å"What we did on the docks was an exception,† Diana said solidly. â€Å"Using enchantment despite everything puts us in danger. Consider the possibility that this is a stunt to enable the trackers to make sense of who we are?†. â€Å"I don’t care about that,† Cassie exclaimed. Everybody swung their head toward her, awestruck by her upheaval. â€Å"My sister is in danger,† Cassie kept, declining to be unnerved. â€Å"It’s worth the risk.† Deborah was the first to end the quiet with clucking chuckling. â€Å"That’s not your call to make, princess.† Cassie had the inclination to shout out once more, however she controlled herself and basically stated, â€Å"As one of the pioneers of this Circle, it is halfway my call to make.† â€Å"When are you going to get it?† Faye yelled. â€Å"You don’t get the opportunity to put your own frivolous needs before the Circle.† â€Å"This is not really a unimportant need, Faye,† Cassie said. â€Å"Scarlett is being tormented. They’re most likely going to execute her.† â€Å"But it’s fine with you on the off chance that we as a whole get executed attempting to spare her.† Faye walked out on Cassie pretentiously, smacking her totally dark hair toward her. â€Å"You’re simply being selfish.† â€Å"You’re one to discuss being selfish,† Cassie shot back. â€Å"Who’s more childish than you?† â€Å"Okay. That’s enough.† Diana raised her unmistakable, overwhelming voice and called for request. Adam set his hand on Cassie’s back to quiet her. â€Å"There must be an approach to play out the locator spell without the trackers following it.† Everybody got calm for a second to think, however Cassie couldn’t see this consideration. A sentiment of warmth conquered Cassie, not from outside †the feign stayed cool and blustery †however from somewhere inside her gut, where a bubbling displeasure fumed. There’s simply no chance, she pondered internally. She’d need to discover Scarlett all alone. At that point Adam shot up from the log he was perched on. â€Å"We can do it in a swarmed place,† he said. No one reacted, yet Adam viewed amuse over his face, and his breathing was overwhelming. â€Å"Don’t you get it?† he said. â€Å"If we do it in a group, the trackers will make some harder memories interpreting the wellspring of the magic.† â€Å"That, old buddy, is brilliant,† Chris stated, giving Adam a high five. Melanie’s dim eyes augmented. â€Å"That thoroughly could work. We could do it during some school event.† â€Å"Under the bleachers,† Laurel got out. â€Å"During the large track and field competition meet after school today.† Cassie gave herself wholeheartedly to Adam and wrapped her arms Cassie gave herself wholeheartedly to Adam and wrapped her arms firmly around him. â€Å"This is the reason I love you,† she said. â€Å"You consistently have the best ideas.† Adam’s eyes emanated a captivating blue light. â€Å"Is that why?† He began giggling and afterward stated, â€Å"Okay, so it’s an arrangement. We do the locator spell this afternoon.† â€Å"We should in any case put it to a vote,† Diana said abruptly. Faye smiled. â€Å"Way to murder a second, D.† â€Å"It’s quite reasonable to let everybody have their state on this,† Diana demanded. â€Å"And we should all remember that finding Scarlett is just 50% of it.† She delayed to take a gander at Cassie. â€Å"Deciding what we do from that point ought to be another vote entirely.† Cassie lashed out, incapable to stop herself. â€Å"Do you not comprehend that they’re going to execute her? She’s my family. Does that make no difference to you?† Diana’s lips separated, however no solid got away. She looked Cassie’s eyes as though she were searching for something in them she’d lost. Cassie’s outrage wasn’t proposed exclusively for Diana, however it should have been. She had shouted legitimately into her face. It was no real way to act, however as far as Cassie could tell, this wasn’t a period for cool investigation and careful methodology. Not when Scarlett’s life was in question. Diana took a gander at Cassie for another baffled and dumbfounded second before dismissing. â€Å"We’re advancing beyond ourselves,† she said. â€Å"There’s no assurance the locator spell will even work.† Adam went to Cassie’s side and put his arm around her. â€Å"But we’re going to attempt it. Do we as a whole agree?† There were gestures all around. Adam was so acceptable to her, and it was something that the gathering was happy to attempt the spell, yet it still wasn’t enough to comfort Cassie. Such a lot of casting a ballot and arranging was burning through an excessive amount of time. In light of current circumstances, they’d never get to Scarlett in time. Step by step instructions to refer to The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 20, Essay models

Beta CPW

Beta CPW Ever wonder what a deep fried McChicken would taste like? How about deep fried Bertucci’s Pizza? We will have a selection of the finest local food, battered and deep fried (double deep fried fries?!?). Some regular food will be available for people who want functioning arteries. This read our inaugural Deep Fried Taste of Kenmore Square event hosted by my fraternity, Beta Theta Pi, during CPW last weekend. Here are some photos to attest to just how terrifying delicious re-deep-frying deep-fried food is:                     The day before we also hosted a board games and milkshakes night. The day before that we invited the early pre-frosh arrivals to a welding event at our machine shop. Saturday night we put on our signature CPW Laser Maze event, one year better. Inspiration? Mission: Impossible. One of our brothers designed all the circuits from the ground up, and got help from other Course 6s and 2s to build out the circuitry piece by piece.       Both my roommate and I hosted prefroshes, and we both enjoyed getting to know them and showing them around campus, our school, our home. Nick M., my roommates prefrosh, took some amazing shots of campus that he offered to share:       Hope to see you both and the rest of yall on campus this fall! Post Tagged #Beta Theta Pi #fraternities #photography

Langston Hughes Research Paper - 25309 Words

In 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. Langston had not seen his father since he was a small child, and he was excited about making the trip. However, during this visit, no affectionate bond would develop between Langston and Jim. Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United States. As the manager of an electric company and owner of a ranch and mines, Jim expressed contempt for black Americans who continued to submit to segregation and live in poverty. Langston Hughes, 1933 (Library of Congress) Langston was not ashamed†¦show more content†¦Langston had no playmates because Mary Langston lived in a run-down, white neighborhood. He was afraid to leave his yard, where he was safe from rowdy white boys who chased and teased him about the second hand clothes and cast-off womens shoes that he wore. Langston spent many hours sitting on a stool beside his grandmother, who read him stories from the Bible or from his favorite book, Grimms Fairy Tales. Her long wavy hair had very little gray in it, and in her ears she wore the small gold earrings Langstons grandfather left her. Her lips were thin, and her skin, wrinkled like an Indian squaws, was a lighter shade of brown than Langstons. Carrie Hughes worked in Topeka as a stenographer for a black attorney and as a clerk for a newspaper. Occasionally, on weekends, she would take Langston to Kansas City. His Uncle Dessalines owned a barbershop in a black neighborhood, where peoples lifestyles were far different from that of his strict grandmother in Lawrence. Langston roamed the streets near the barbershop. He played the nickelodeon and listened to street musicians playing the blues. Mary Langston was a devoted grandmother to her grandson. (Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library) In 1908, six-year-old Langston moved to Topeka to live with his mother in an apartment over a plumbing shop. Jim HughesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of I Too By Langston Hughes881 Words   |  4 Pages Williams ENG 102-71 Poetry Mini Research Paper 10/29/17 Langston Hughes’s â€Å"I, Too† Langston Hughes was a renowned poet and writer during the Harlem Renaissance. His background shaped the overall themes of his poems. Segregation and equality were the main subjects for Hughes’s writing. Langston Hughes wrote about the racial discrimination that African Americans faced during the Harlem Renaissance, and this theme resonated throughout the poem â€Å"I, Too†. Hughes was one of the boldest African AmericanRead MoreSandra Cisneros and Hughes Analysis1575 Words   |  7 PagesCisneros, a Chicana writer, and Langston Hughes, and African American poet. When reading their stories the reader can identify how different life experiences have influenced and inspired them to write the way they do. Analyzing Sandra Cisneros and Langston Hughes, and pieces of their writing will demonstrate how similar their writing is, how minority discrimination, and cultural circumstances effect and shape different pieces of their respective writings. This paper will highlight similarities, differencesRead MorePoem Analysis : Langston Hughes Poem1258 Words   |  6 Pages Research Paper and Poem Analysis: Langston Hughes Poem Analysis: Langston Hughes’ poem â€Å"Mother To Son† is a twenty line poem that seems to be from the perspective of a prudent mother that is giving her son, and possibly the readers, some helpful and supportive advice, telling them that, no matter how many adversities they may face, they can not give up. I believe that this is the main theme of the poem, perseverance. â€Å"So, boy, don’t you turn back./ Don’t you set down on the steps./ ‘Cause youRead MoreFreedom In Langston Hughess Let America Be Again1251 Words   |  6 PagesOne of Langston Hughes’s most famous poems is, â€Å"Let America Be Again†. It is quite long, and full of expressions about freedom and equality between white and black people. Among the great writer of his time, he inspired others, people to find their freedom. His poems revealed his steadfast admiration for black, especially the poor. Hughes shows all the different community and races in America and, how the rich and powerful overpowering them all. This research paper is to relate the theme, voiceRead MoreImpact Of Langston Hughess Contribution To Harlem Renaissance1697 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes contribution to Harlem Renaissance Harlem was founded back in the 17th century as a Dutch outpost. Harlem adjoins New York City and host a large population of the African American Community. The blacks found New York City to be more accommodative to their culture and ideologies, during the great migration of the early 1900s, Harlem became the major destination and it became home to many African Americans. [1] Harlem received over time, Harlem developed from a farming village to becomeRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Whitman s Works And Pieces1452 Words   |  6 PagesJustin Polkowitz Mrs. Ryan Academic English 2 26 April 2015 Social Change Research Paper These writers and activists are strongly opposed to slavery, and oppression and want to obtain the same rights, social status, and equality as everyone else. They have identical goals that they want to fulfill and are well aware of the controversy that they will not ignore that society has to collaborate to resolve problems and issues in order to unify the nation as one. It is important that all races areRead MoreJames Mecer Langston Hughes: Literary Genius1763 Words   |  8 PagesJames Mercer Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. James Hughes and Carrie Langston are Hughes’ parents. They later divorced when Hughes was young. After his parents divorced he went to live with his grandmother until he turned thirteen years old. At thirteen years old he moved to Lincoln, Illinois. After living in Illinois he later moved to Cleveland, Ohio to live with his mother. When he moved to Cleveland he started writing poetry (â€Å"James Mercer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  par. 2). Langston had manyRead MoreLiterary Criticsm1882 Words   |  8 Pageson Thank you m’am short story By Langston Hughes Christina taradifa sinaga 13020110141054 Faculty of humanities Diponegoro university 2013 ABSTRACT In this paper the writer wants to write down about Psychological criticism. Psychology is an academic and applied discipline that involves the scientific study of mental functions and behaviors. The purposes of this paper to analysis the psychological of main character in Thank You M’am short story by Langston Hughes. To understand psychological criticismRead MoreSummary Of Two Generations Apart : Two Voices Of Black America1315 Words   |  6 Pagescompelling research project where Coates concludes that Americans owe their wealth to the hard work of slaves; therefore, -to just the unjust- we need to act responsibly and repair the damage done under inequality (Coates, 2014). Inequality – both interclass and interracial- is the backbone of Langston Hughes’s writings. After the Great Depression hit the country, the economic pressure furthered racial discrimination in terms of finding or maintaining jobs, particularly for black Americans. Hughes, anRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem I 1679 Words   |  7 PagesPoem Research Paper Langston Hughes’s poem I, Too published in 1926 speaks at great length about the American identity: to be an American is an issue that transcends race, and all Americans should be treated equally. Writing from the perspective of an initially subservient African American, Hughes presents a story that begins in oppression and ends in triumph. A throwback to the prior institution of slavery, the setting of I, Too is confined to a single slave owner s house; yet, it paints an image

The Invention and History of Bubble Gum

Chewing gum has a history that spans as far back as the ancient Greeks, who chewed the resin from mastic trees. But it wasnt until 1928 that Walter Diemer happened upon just the right gum recipe to make the very first bubble gum, a special type of chewing gum that allows the chewer to blow big pink bubbles. Earlier Attempts Diemer might have invented bubble gum, but he wasnt the first person who wanted to make gum bubbles. There were earlier attempts at making bubble gum in the late 1800s and early 1900s, but these bubble gums did not sell well because they were considered too wet and usually broke before a good bubble was formed. Diemers Bubble Gum Diemer gets the credit for inventing the first successful type of bubble gum. At the time, 23-year-old Diemer was an accountant for Fleer Chewing Gum Company, and he experimented with new gum recipes in his spare time. Diemer thought it was an accident when he hit upon a formula that was less sticky and more flexible than other types of chewing gum, characteristics that allowed a chewer to make bubbles (even if this discovery took him a year of failed attempts.) Then Diemer actually did have an accident: He lost the recipe the day after his discovery and it took him four months to figure it out again. Why Pink? Diemer used a pink dye for his new gum because pink was the only color available at the Fleer Chewing Gum Company. Pink remains the industry standard for bubble gum. Dubble Bubble To test his new recipe, Diemer took 100 samples of the new gum to a nearby store, selling it for a penny apiece. It sold out in a single day. Realizing they had a new, popular type of gum, the owners of Fleer marketed Diemers new gum as Dubble Bubble. To help sell the new bubble gum, Diemer himself taught salespeople how to blow bubbles so that they, in turn, could teach potential customers. Sales broke $1.5 million in the first year. In 1930, packages including a Fleer Funnies color comic featuring characters Dub and Bub were introduced. In 1950, Dub and Bub were dropped for Pud and his pals. Production of Dubble Bubble was halted during World War II because of a shortage of latex and sugar needed for manufacturing. Thomas Adams is credited with inventing a machine that mass produced chewing gum. Dubble Bubble remained the only bubble gum on the market in the United States until Bazooka bubble gum appeared after World War II, with the competing comic Bazooka Joe. Evolution of Bubble Gum You can now buy bubble gum in the original sugary pink form, as a small piece wrapped in paper, or as gumballs. And it now comes in a variety of flavors. Besides the original, you can get bubble gum in grape, apple, and watermelon. Gumballs come in original flavor plus blue raspberry, cotton candy, cinnamon apple, green apple, cinnamon, fancy  fruit, and watermelon. Plus you can get gumballs that look like baseballs or smiley faces.

Theories on Children’s Cognitive Development Case Studies Illustrating Them Free Essays

string(164) " attend group lessons to observe, such that by the time the same child reaches the pre-teen years, he/she would have already developed a keen musical appreciation\." Gleaning insights proposed by the earliest psychologists like Jean Piaget, socio-cultural theorists like Lev Vygotsky, radical behaviorists like B. F. Skinner and other well-known psychologists like Howard Gardner, who challenged the earlier views on children’s cognitive development, can be very important. We will write a custom essay sample on Theories on Children’s Cognitive Development Case Studies Illustrating Them or any similar topic only for you Order Now By drawing insights and gaining a better understanding of how children’s thought processes are formed, as well as the factors that influence them, and the overall impact on children, parents, caretakers, educators, and therapists find themselves in a better position to guide and help growing kids achieve their optimum potential. In most of the theories set forth , factors like genetics and the environment or outside influences come into play. Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, who formed his theories after conducting actual observations of kids, opined, â€Å"The mind of the child is not that of a miniature adult†¦ the mind develops by forming schemas that help us assimilate our experiences and that must occasionally be altered to accomplish new information. In this way, children progress from the sensorimotor simplicity of the infant to more complex stages of thinking† (Myers 1989: 85). This theory, which presupposes that children’s cognitive skills develop spontaneously, is highlighted by the different developmental stages to which children’s learning must adjust. Most teachers rely on Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory which, in essence, maintains that â€Å"the reasoning processes of children at various ages†¦ cognitive development proceeds in four genetically determined stages that always follow the same sequential order† (Child Development Theories, n. d. ). The Piagetian theory boils down to the fact that children must not be forced to absorb concepts. Instead, knowledge and learning must take place at the designated time or age of the child. Even if they undergo the same stages – infancy, early childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, and so on, individuals, of course, exhibit varying capabilities or rate of cognitive development. Piaget presupposed that children gradually find out what there is to learn about the objects and people around them through a gradual learning process. Nothing must be foisted on young minds. Instead, the young mind should be allowed to form relationships and learn through a stage-by-stage assimilation of concepts and facts. The focus is on the knowledge learned, then. Most pre-schools find the Piagetian theory quite applicable and useful. In fact, the Piagetian theory has been widely used as underlying structure or foundation for child education care in America and other parts of the world. There are some educators or schools, though, which combine the Piagetian concept on children’s cognitive development with other theories like the socio-cultural theory set forth by Russian developmental psychologist Lev Vygotsky, to let children realize their full potential. Vygotsky held that â€Å"cognitive processes are formed in the course of socio-cultural activities†¦ the individual comes into possession of a variety of cognitive processes engendered by different activities† (Kozulin, n. d. ) and with the guidance of a learned individual. â€Å"A knowledgeable person can help to add meaning to what is familiar to the child when he or she enters the child’s zone of proximal development (ZPD), that place for learning located somewhere between the child’s present understanding and potential understanding† (Steele 2001). Simply put, children’s cognitive skills are hastened when they come into contact with more knowledgeable elders, or more experienced, older mentors. There may be cases when even other kids of the same age but with greater intellectual capacity may help shape or form a slow-learning child’s understanding of basic concepts like music or the alphabet. The difference between the child’s own cognitive development and his potential to assimilate greater knowledge is the zone of proximal development. When schoolage kids interact and talk to and help each other learn, while also listening attentively to what their teacher says to them, they enter the zone of proximal development. In contrast to Piaget, Vygotsky laid greater emphasis in the way a child can utilize the joint approach or co-mingling with a well-informed adult in order to achieve full learning potential. Cases of teachers teaching young children to play a musical instrument like the piano may illustrate both the Piagetian concept of learning and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. A child falling under the pre-operational stage, correlating to children in the age bracket of two to seven years, who is tinkering with the piano is still in the process of mastering symbols and will not really learn how to play the instrument well on his own. An adult’s expert guidance will jumpstart the child’s learning process. On the other hand, the piano teacher must prepare lessons that will suit the age of the child, or his developmental stage. Indeed, it can be noted that Piaget’s cognitive development theory has been used as jump-off point by his contemporaries and succeeding psychologists. One of those who challenged the Piagetian concept and maintained that a child’s cognitive ability is but one aspect of development is Howard Gardner. The latter proposed that individuals have â€Å"a number of domains of potential intellectual competence which they are in the position to develop, if they are normal and if the appropriate stimulating factors are available† (Gardner 2004: 287). Musical intelligence is one of the kinds of intelligence that Gardner said kids may cultivate. The example of a piano teacher giving a child his/her first set of piano lessons may encompass both the Piagetian concept, Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory, and Howard Gardner’s theory on multiple intelligence. As far as Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory is concerned, it runs counter to the Piagetian theory. Gardner believed in the vast potential each child has. He surmised that at any one instance, the well-nurtured child can be at different stages, honing his/her latent abilities – whether in spatial reasoning or body-kinesthetic or interpersonal skills, intrapersonal sensitivity, linguistic or musical inclinations. Even at a young age, children may nurture any of these multiple intelligences. A two-year-old child, for example, may be exposed to the piano playing of parents, and a couple of years later made to attend group lessons to observe, such that by the time the same child reaches the pre-teen years, he/she would have already developed a keen musical appreciation. You read "Theories on Children’s Cognitive Development Case Studies Illustrating Them" in category "Papers" Unlike the Piagetian method focus which tends to focus on test scores or the knowledge acquired per se, Gardner’s multiple intelligence theory focuses on forming â€Å"a strong, positive and attractive character† (Gardner 2004: 374). In the case of the child who grows up with musically inclined parents and eventually nurtures the talent , the resulting remarkable piano performance, is actually just a means to creating the child’s well-rounded character. Nonetheless, Piaget’s cognitive development concept has long been considered a universal learning theory which has found its way in numerous preschools all over the world. If most preschool classroom settings vividly illustrate Piaget’s cognitive developmental concept, particularly in the pre-operational stage, a clear-cut example of Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory is the traditional education or cultural transmission taking place in most rural communities across the world. Let us take, for instance, the case of oral narratives about ancestral heroes and events transmitted by older males to their young in Ethiopian rural communities. â€Å"Children who sit patiently and silently on the periphery of the story-telling circle gradually absorb the cultural content and verbal technique (which) lasts for hours and constitutes an integral element of everyday life. † (Kozulin, n. d. ). By relying on their elders for their socio-cultural assimilation of ideas, the children very well mirror Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. An adult comes into the picture to impart greater learning at a quicker pace than if the children were to come across the same body of knowledge on their own. The traditional oral transmission of culture such as that perpetuated in the Ethiopian village, however, is no longer practiced in most other societies. Written records have supplanted the oral tradition. In his book, â€Å"Frames of Mind – The Theory of Multiple Intelligences,† Gardner cited numerous examples of people and situations affecting children’s cognitive learning skills. One of these is the structured method inspired by Japanese violinist Shinichi Suzuki to teach kids to learn music. Hinged on the basic principle that kids have an innate ability which â€Å"can be developed and enhanced through a nurturing environment† (The Suzuki Method 2005), the Suzuki Method lays emphasis on other intervening factors that may affect how young students learn music or instrument playing. These factors include starting lessons at an early age; recognizing just how important listening to music is; getting a first-hand grasp in learning how to play an instrument even before learning how to read; parental participation; well-trained teachers who instill quality teaching standard; realizing the importance of communicating and socially interacting with other children (The Suzuki Method 2005). Gardner also cited the method of imparting learning in traditional African bush society, wherein â€Å"the youngsters are divided into groups according to ages and aptitudes and receive instruction in the assorted lore of native life†¦particular stress on the historical background of the population as a means of stimulating group consciousness† (Gardner 2004: 343) is made. Gardner made the distinction of such ritualistic methods from more scientific ways of obtaining knowledge. â€Å"With formal schools, we behold a transition from tacit knowledge to explicit forms of knowledge† (Gardner 2004: 345). Such sensitivity to spoken knowledge displayed by native communities, when melded with modern methods of learning and technical requirements, may comprise what Gardner refers to as linguistic intelligence. When kids hailing from their native communities are absorbed in mainstream society, they are accorded the chance to fully develop this linguistic intelligence. Such language development also reflects or applies Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory, which highlights the important role of language and social context in children’s cognitive processes. Language, in the case of African communities with an oral tradition of teaching kids, is used primarily to retain key concepts in the minds/memory of the youngsters. In such scenarios, children obtain greater understanding of their roots, including their ancestors, traditions, and culture as a whole, and piece together a logical picture in their minds by internalizing the various words and concepts articulated by knowledgeable elders. Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory likewise finds itself applied in contemporary society. As an alternative to the Piagetian concept as well as to the behaviorist schools of thought which had theorists like B. F. Skinner postulating that mental processes or learning occurred as a consequence of the individual’s response to, or interaction with, the environment†¦ and with reinforcement and punishment playing a crucial part in molding behavior (Child development theories, n. d. ), Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory articulated that learning is more of â€Å"a shared/joint process in a responsive social context† (Psychology applied, n. . ). Vygotsky debunked the view that learning depends or follows a child’s stage of development or maturation. Vygotsky veered away from the â€Å"biologically-based understanding of human behavior† or from the rewards and punishment concept set forth by behaviorists as main determinants of children’s thinking behavior. Instead, he placed emphasis on the impact of social/cultural forces on human co gnitive processes and activity. He discovered the connecting links between socio-cultural processes taking place in society, and mental processes taking place in the individual† (Psychology applied, n. d. ). A modern example that applies in part Vgotsky’s learning theory of having a knowledgeable adult supervise the learning process and B. F. Skinner’s behaviorist approach is a structured skills-based tutoring service that offers individualized instruction to slow or advanced learners wishing to strengthen their foundation in key subjects like math, reading, and writing. Tutoring Club, one such company, has in its employ well-schooled and well-trained tutors who guide enrolled students who need to obtain better understanding of concepts in certain academic areas. The students work on modules of exercises designed to sharpen their cognitive skills, and every time they meet the desired output, an incentive (reward) comes in the form of a merchandise that they may get from a mini store inside the learning center, traded for chips which students accumulate for each module they complete. Another case in point is a modern-day Mathematics teacher who is instilling basic concepts to her students. An investigative research that zeroed in on a teacher who adopted the Vygotskian socio-cultural perspective in teaching Mathematics to her students showed how helpful it can be to encourage students to share their thoughts, ideas and assumptions with their peers under the teacher’s knowledgeable guidance and prodding. As the teacher opined, â€Å"Sharing clarifies their thinking. It lets them verbalize. nstead of just having it in their minds†¦ students become aware of how they think so that when they verbalized their thinking processes, she (the teacher) could help them with any difficulties they had† (Steele 2001). Based on the Vygotskian theory, language and communication – whether in remote rural communities or the contemporary setting, utilizes language and communication as essential tools to stimulate children’s cognitive development. The approach, of course, will vary depending on the physical state of each child. A different approach is taken for children with defects or physical impairment. Vygotsky may also be credited with tailorfitting the teaching method to the particular needs — as well as dysfunctions – of children. â€Å"Within his general theory of child development, (Vygotsky) created a comprehensive and practice-oriented paradigm of educating children with special needs (and) introduced the notion of `primary’ defects, `secondary’ defects, and their interactions in the field of psychopathology and different disabilities† (Psychology Applied, n. . ). Vygotsky believed that because cognitive development is hinged largely on stimulation of the senses, the physically and mentally impaired child is inhibited from obtaining knowledge at a generally accepted rate. More than the physical handicap of the special child, though, it is the â€Å"social consequences† (Psychology Applied, n. d) arising from that child’s impairment which must be gi ven focus. Cognitive developmental theories may be applied beyond the classroom, or in many other areas of children’s learning and lives. Various other factors that come into play which influence cognitive processes, like interactive media, also cannot be discounted. The condition of the child is likewise important in determining the right approach to inculcate learning. In any case, early cognitive developmental interventions, finetuned by succeeding theorists, serve not just to enhance academic outcomes but help shape the well-rounded personalities of today’s kids. Nowadays, the sound body of knowledge aimed at the workings of children’s mind continues to evolve and grow. In the end, it is up to parents, schools and other learning institutes, to determine which ones are truly suitable and will contribute in a healthy manner to the development of children’s cognitive skills. It can be seen that the pioneering works of such psychologists as Jean Piaget – who emphasized biologically-based or natural development of children’s cognitive skills — certainly provided good foundation or strong footing for succeeding child development theories to come out with improved concepts. Given the numerous cognitive development theories set forth and utilized for classroom teaching and/or child care, and the distinct differences and similarities in the main points of contention of the theorists laid out for people to grasp, which have undergone further study and enhancements and complemented by other theories throughout the years, parents and educators have been able to devise new and improved methods of enhancing children’s cognitive skills and potential. How to cite Theories on Children’s Cognitive Development Case Studies Illustrating Them, Papers

Leadership Narrative Case Study

Question: Discuss about theLeadershipfor Narrative Case Study. Answer: Narrative Case Study In each great school, there are instructors whose vision reach out past their classroom offices or maybe groups. They perceive that the understudies school encounters rely on upon the assets and participation that exists at the school and the teachers (Northouse, 2015). The following case highlights how I encountered a dilemma as a principal of little scholars school and the decision I made to address the problem. Little scholar Centre has continually shaped and bolstered the lives of kids by giving the best trainings and rules to them. Being the premier of the school, I have always fixated towards on the best energy of the youths. As the school vital, my work required to be a visionary and a competency individual towards guiding the right decision to the understudies, teachers and the accomplices essentially the gatekeepers. As far back as couple of years the school had not being doing commendably, consequently there were changes that ought to have been made to upgrade the execution of the kids. Being the key, I expected to figure a course of action of movement to help the youngsters who were not doing awesome. The plan was to show inductive learning in the school with a specific end goal to support the children as they develop. The school needed to build on few classroom and buy equipment such as play games, which would be quiet expensive to acquire. Nonetheless, I was faced with the dilemma if the parents would buy the idea and if they refuse, the learning of the children will continue to be affected. I called for a parent meeting and presented the idea to them since I valued the education of these children (Chiu, Owens Tesluk, 2016). Some of the parents did not buy the idea as they thought it was a plan for the school to take their money. I tried again to explain on the benefits as to why this type of learning would be beneficial on the learning processes of the children. This kind of learning helps the learners to use practical examples in the actual clas sroom learning through the various games such as counting. The decision to suggest to this kind of learning laid on the circumstances at the time, children were not doing well, and also this kind of learning was used by Educare learning Centre which was our competitor and they were doing very well (Coelli Green, 2012). The parents needed to be on board with the plan since the issue essentially influenced them as they are putting a considerable measure in the children from the expenses they contribute (Shapiro Stefkovich, 2016). After a protracted talking about the advantage on the program all, the parent purchased on the thought and we consented to begin on the venture. Analysis To dissect looking into the case above there would be utilization of the leadership theories these are; situational leadership and behavioral theory, the key components of the speculations of these theories is as follows. Behavioral Theory The principle component of the hypothesis is that the human lead can be insightful. It is worries on the recognizable and the quantifiable parts of the human direct, subsequently if the lead get the opportunity to be forbidden it can be unlearned (Idiotic, 2014). The honest to goodness part of the hypothesis is that are the things we can see and watch. We can see the how individuals act, react and go ahead and from these practices, determinations can be made as for the cerebrum. The Theory of Situational This activity hypothesis suggests there is no single organization style, which is the best. Everything depend on upon a given situation inside reach at the time and the best sort of power and methods that could be most suitable at the time (Silly, 2014). The best pioneers are the individual who can adjust on their style to the circumstance and take a gander at the signs that would contribute on taking care of business. Breaks Down Utilizing the Theories on the Case The behavioral theory is appropriate for the situation in that the vital throughout the years have seen on the execution of the youngsters and learned on their shortcomings. Through this, there can be improvement procedure to help them perform better (Einarsen, Aasland and Skogstad, 2016). The positives on the utilization of the theory to the leaders can create a general approach utilized for assortment of setting to explaining the issue. The pioneer can watch how other individuals how they act, respond and act. The main negative is of the theory is not worried on the brain of the person to figure out how to comprehend the reason for the anomalous conduct displayed from them rather it speaks to just certain educated propensities. The chief for this situation ought to have examined on the genuine reason for the issue that is making the children execution to crumble through liaising on the educators concerned. Situational Theory Analyzing on this Issue This situational theory can be connected looking into it through use of techniques most appropriate on the circumstance. For the situation, the key selected the utilization of inductive learning as the best decision in view of the current circumstance, which was poor performance of the children. He had watched the adequacy of the technique from their rival school and the strategy was a win. A decent pioneer involves a person who has diverse utilization of styles relying upon a circumstance. The significant preferred standpoint on this theory is that one can use frameworks that best suits a given situation (Story, 2016). The shortcoming that I find on the hypothesis is that the strategy used may not be most suitable for the condition, there is prerequisite for meeting with various accomplices on the issue and find the best course of action that would not affect them oppositely (Aydin, Sarier and Uysal, 2013). The fundamental on this case could have advised the educators and the parent s and together accompany an arrangement of activity most appropriate to help the children instead of figuring the arrangement alone. The choice that he made influenced the stakeholders in that some of the parents did not have money to add to the venture. In any case, there was need to help the childrens to perform better as other school were representing an extraordinary rivalry to the school. References Aydin, A., Sarier, Y., Uysal, S. (2013). The Effect of School Principals' Leadership Styles on Teachers' Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 13(2), 806-811. Chiu, C. C., Owens, B. P., Tesluk, P. E. (2016). Initiating and Utilizing Shared Leadership in Teams: The Role of Leader Humility, Team Proactive Personality, and Team Performance Capability. The Journal of applied psychology. Coelli, M., Green, D. A. (2012). Leadership effects: School principals and student outcomes. Economics of Education Review, 31(1), 92-109. Daft, R. L. (2014). The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Einarsen, S., Aasland, M. S., Skogstad, A. (2016). the nature and outcomes of destructive leadership behavior in Organizations. Risky Business: Psychological, Physical and Financial Costs of High Risk Behavior in Organizations, 323. Northouse, P. G. (2015). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Shapiro, J. P., Stefkovich, J. A. (2016). Ethical leadership and decision making in education:Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge. Storey, J. (Ed.). (2016). Leadership in Organizations: Current Issues and Key Trends.Routledge.

Animal Rights Essays (803 words) - Animal Welfare, Bioethics

Animal Rights $115 Designer Cosmetic Collection From Cosmetique -- Only $1! Animal Rights Animals have been used in medical research for centuries. In a recent count, it was determined that 8,815 animals were being used for research at MSU, 8,503 of them rodents - rats, mice, hamsters and gerbils. There were 18 dogs, three cats and a variety of goats, ferrets, pigeons and rabbits. The struggle against this tyranny is a struggle as important as any of the moral and social issues that have been fought over in recent years." Animal rights are an emotional issue-second only, perhaps, to the bitter abortion debate." For decades the value of animal research has been grossly overrated. Although researchers have depended on animal test data to achieve medical advances, there should be other means of research because testing on animals is cruel and inhumane and often unnecessary. The American Medical Association believes that research involving animals is absolutely essential to maintaining and improving the health of the American people. They point out, that virtually every advance in medical science in the 20th century, from antibiotics to organ transplants, has been achieved either directly or indirectly through the use of animals in laboratory experiments. They also emphasize that animal research holds the key for solutions to AIDS, cancer, heart disease, aging and congenital defects. Lastly they insist that, the result of these experiments has been the elimination or control of many infectious diseases. This has meant a longer, healthier , better life with much less pain and suffering. For many patients, it has meant life it self. However, there should be other means of research because the whole process of animal research remains cruel and inhumane. Animal rights activists have gathered much information that has closed down laboratories that violate anti- cruelty statutes. "This includes a 1984 videotape stolen from the University of Pennsylvania Head Injury Clinic. The research subsequently suspended, reportedly involved inadequately anesthetized baboons receiving blows to the head to break their necks and cause brain damage." Alex Pacheo gives a first-person account of the conditions he witnessed in a primate laboratory. He is horrified by the painful experiments these monkeys endure. "On May 11,1981 I began work[at the Institute for Behavioral Research] and was given a tour.... I saw filth caked on the wires of the cages, faces piled in the bottom of the cages, urine and rust encrusting every surface. There, amid this rotting stench, sat sixteen crab-eating macaques and one rhesus monkey, their liv limited to metal boxes just 17 3/4 inches wide.... [An old refrigerator] had been converted into a chamber containing a plexiglass immobilizing chair. A monkey would be placed in a chamber, and electrodes attached to his body. The monkey would be forced to try to squeeze a bottle of fluid with his surgically crippled arm in order to stop the painful electric shock that coursed through his body. The ceiling and walls of the chamber were covered with blood. I remember Dr. Taub's assistant, John Kunz, telling me that some monkeys would break their arms in desperate attempts to escape the chair and the intense electric shocks." Young chimpanzees, 3 or 4 years old, were crammed, two together, into tiny cages. They could hardly turn around. Not yet part of any experiment , they had been confined in these cages for more than three months. The chimps had each other for comfort, but they would not remain together for long. Once they are infected, probably with hepatitis, they will be s eparated and placed in another cage. And there they will remain, living in conditions of severe sensory deprivation, for the next several years. During that time, they will become insane. From the capture of primates in the wild, to the "factory-like" breeding of mice and dogs, to the confinement and isolation of cages - research is inherently cruel. History has shown that many important medical advances have been made by clinical research and close observations of human patients, not animal research, which is often unnecessary. "There are whole countries that don't use healthy animals to train veterinarians or teach surgical techniques," said Liska, who's been researching the issue since 1974. In England they use only sick or injured animals and do much work on animal cadavers. "Humans can give informed consent. Monkeys and dogs can't." Many AIDS patients have said they are willing to try out new drugs. "Instead, we use Rhesus monkeys." "I actually have hurt animals unnecessarily out of ignorance," says Dr. Sherman Bloom. "If you're preaching reverence for animal life, you're preaching reverence for life , period. And violence is the

Free Essays on FDR

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd president of the United States. Roosevelt served longer than any other president. Roosevelt held office during two of the greatest crises ever faced by the United States: the Great Depression of the 1930s, followed by World War II. Both in peacetime and in war his impact on the office of president was enormous. In Roosevelt’s 12 years in office strong executive leadership became a basic part of United States government. Roosevelt was born at his family’s estate at Hyde Park, in Dutchess County, New York. He was the only child of James Roosevelt and Sara Delano Roosevelt. James Roosevelt was a moderately successful businessman, with a variety of investments and a special interest in coal. Sara Delano, 26 years younger than her previously widowed husband, brought to the marriage a fortune considerably larger than that of James Roosevelt. Roosevelt formally entered politics in 1910, when he became a candidate for the New York State Senate in a district composed of three upstate farming counties. Democratic leaders had approached young Roosevelt because of his name and local prominence and because he might be expected to pay his own election expenses. The 28-year-old Roosevelt campaigned hard, stressing his deep personal interest in conservation and other issues of concern in an agricultural area and also his strong support of honest and efficient government. In the state capitol at Albany, Roosevelt gained statewide publicity as the leader of a small group of upstate Democrats who refused to follow the leadership of Tammany Hall, also known as the Tammany Society, the Democratic Party organization of New York City. Roosevelt’s group succeeded in blocking the election of Sheehan, which infuriated Tammany Hall. The dramatic struggle drew the attention of New York voters to the tall vigorous new state senator with the magic name of Roosevelt. Roosevelt entrusted his campaign management to the journalist L... Free Essays on FDR Free Essays on FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd president of the United States. Roosevelt served longer than any other president. Roosevelt held office during two of the greatest crises ever faced by the United States: the Great Depression of the 1930s, followed by World War II. Both in peacetime and in war his impact on the office of president was enormous. In Roosevelt’s 12 years in office strong executive leadership became a basic part of United States government. Roosevelt was born at his family’s estate at Hyde Park, in Dutchess County, New York. He was the only child of James Roosevelt and Sara Delano Roosevelt. James Roosevelt was a moderately successful businessman, with a variety of investments and a special interest in coal. Sara Delano, 26 years younger than her previously widowed husband, brought to the marriage a fortune considerably larger than that of James Roosevelt. Roosevelt formally entered politics in 1910, when he became a candidate for the New York State Senate in a district composed of three upstate farming counties. Democratic leaders had approached young Roosevelt because of his name and local prominence and because he might be expected to pay his own election expenses. The 28-year-old Roosevelt campaigned hard, stressing his deep personal interest in conservation and other issues of concern in an agricultural area and also his strong support of honest and efficient government. In the state capitol at Albany, Roosevelt gained statewide publicity as the leader of a small group of upstate Democrats who refused to follow the leadership of Tammany Hall, also known as the Tammany Society, the Democratic Party organization of New York City. Roosevelt’s group succeeded in blocking the election of Sheehan, which infuriated Tammany Hall. The dramatic struggle drew the attention of New York voters to the tall vigorous new state senator with the magic name of Roosevelt. Roosevelt entrusted his campaign management to the journalist L...

Analysis of Impeachment Trails Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of Impeachment Trails - Essay Example reflect negatively on the integrity of the US government while at the same time, taking no action will be taken as a laxity which would affect trust and relationships as well as granting the future holders of this office chance to abuse their powers (Stadelmann, 2011). The most unethical of the three cases is the Nixon’s case with the Watergate issue where he covered up and refused to hand over evidence of the Watergate affair which would have shown that his re-election committee burglarized the headquarters of Democrats party office headquarters. He used his powers to misuse the CIA, conduct illegal wiretapping, perjury and obstructed justice. Lucky for him he resigned before he was impeached. This is closely followed by Clinton case. His sexual encounters were not what led to his impeachment by the Congress but rather his perjury and abuse of office. He was a lawyer to begin with and he knew that lying under oath was the worst mistake that can be done through any trial. Lastly is Andrew Johnson’s case where immediately after the Tenure of Office Act was enacted in 1867 and whose aim was to prohibit presidents from removing from office holders without approval from the Senate, he still went ahead and tried to remove the Secretary of War Stanton. He then went ahead and criticized Congress in loud voices on top of using his office to abuse powers (Gerhardt, 2000). On Clinton, the ethical charge would be conducting misconduct by having sexual relations in office which amounts to extra marital affairs and lying about it even after having video evidence of the misconduct. As for the Andrew Johnson, the ethical charge would be abuse of power and going against the laws of the land which he is supposed to be on the forefront of protecting. When it comes to Nixon, there are several ethical charges the first being perjury, abuse of his power as a president and involving the CIA in crime as well as misconduct in office by harbouring criminals and refusing to cooperate

Abortion in Canadian law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Abortion in Canadian law - Essay Example This essay will trace the development of abortion law in Canada.This law has originated from a variety of sources,philosophical,moral,religious and has resulted in current law that is framed by social values. Abortion law has basics of all of these but some are more clear and enduring than others are. Before this I will provide a shot history of general law and its relationship to social contract theory and moral philosophy. The influence of Dr. Henry Morgentaler on the evolution of abortion law will also be explored, as he is responsible for much of the progress made in the area. The conclusion is a brief summary, which shows that all law has a philosophical background but abortion law in Canada appears to have had an historical evolution. Influenced initially by a philosophical basis, religion and morality and more recently by societal values and expectations.Abortion law in Canada appears to have a philosophical origin. This can be located within social contract theory and moral p hilosophy. Social contract theory is the assumption that people must have entered into some kind of binding contract with other members of society. The idea being that people had sacrificed their personal independence that was guaranteed in the State of Nature in order to secure freedom of will devise for the greater good. Collective freedom was believed to ensure principles of liberty, justice and equality- democracy. Voluntary (and in Hobbesian theory, forced) submission to democratic principles was a superior moral decision to put the will of the collective ahead of oneself, thereby creating a moral basis of law (Browning, 1997). Whilst it is clearly possible to locate the primary source of the law itself, it is considerably more difficult to trace that origin in accord with specific legislation such as abortion law. The historical development of abortion law in Canada has endured many phases from its start in the late 1800's through to contemporary times. In early societies women had been excluded from civic engagement on the grounds that they were emotionally incapable of making reasonable decisions and as such were best suited to family life. This assumption along with religious and moral insult and possibly the desire of the state to control the reproductive rights of women and to regulate their sexual behavior have provided the basis of abortion law in Canada. Canadian abortion law can be traced to around 1869 when abortion first became illegal after the Canadian Parliament passed a complete ban on the procedure (Arthur, 1999). 1892 law reform saw these guidelines tightened when Canada's first Criminal Code was introduced. This Code prohibited abortion as an acceptable medical procedure and legislated against the inducement of miscarriage, ensuring that it would be seen as a criminal offe nse (History of Abortion Law in Canada, 2003). The confusion surrounding abortion law continued throughout the 1800's and into the 1900's until the situation became so desperate that further modification of abortion law was necessary. Between 1926 and 1947 an estimated 4000 to 6000 women died during botched illegal abortions and by the 1960's it was estimated that anywhere between 35,000 and 120,000 abortions were being performed every year (Arthur, 1999). Shocked at learning of such high statistics and horrified by being legally required to turn away women, many doctors and legal practitioners began to take up the challenge of securing women's right. The 1960's form a group to aim to solve the problem. The foundations for more progressive abortion law in Canada was set in 1967 when Trudeau authorized a bill that would permit women to have legal abortions in special circumstances if they were approved by a medical committee contain of three medical professionals. This bill became law in 1969 under section 287 of the Criminal Code, women could seek legal abortions if doctors ruled that it was in the best interest of the woman's physical or mental

Analysing The Religious Views On Euthanasia Philosophy Essay

Analysing The Religious Views On Euthanasia Philosophy Essay When it comes to religious point of views on issues, euthanasia is one of the most controversial moral topics of all time. Euthanasia comes from the Greek word ÃŽÂ µÃƒ ¡Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ½ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±Ãƒ Ã†â€™ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¯ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ± meaning good death. Euthanasia can be defined as the practice of ending a life in a technique that reduces pain and suffering ( Eike-Henner 11). Religions such as the Roman Catholics and Orthodox Judaism oppose euthanasia on the grounds that it invades Gods territory of life and death. Life is considered a gift from God and should only be taken back by God. There are different forms of euthanasia: voluntary/involuntary and active/passive. Active euthanasia is the inducement of death by taking specific steps such overdose of painkillers or sleeping pills. Passive euthanasia, on the other hand, is the discontinuation of medical treatment in a terminal case so as to allow the patient have a natural death. Voluntary euthanasia is killing a person for the purpose of relieving pain from terminal or incurable illness or injury with their consent. Finally, involuntary euthanasia is killing a person for the purpose of relieving suffering without first obtaining the persons consent. This paper will examine the ethical views of the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Jews on the act of euthanasia. The Roman Catholic teachings have a precise definition for euthanasia. Pope John Paul II describes it as an act or omission which of itself or by intention causes death, with the purpose of eliminating all suffering (Evangelium vitae [Ev], 1995, n. 65). The Church teaches that it is morally unacceptable and constitutes it as a murderous act, which is contrary to what they call the dignity of a person. Namely that every individual is born with dignity, and they are an estimable value. They value the human life, because a person indeed is priceless, for they are created by God. Euthanasia is an act that denies respect of God, the creator. Even if a person is acting on good faith, nothing changes the nature of what euthanasia is; at the very base euthanasia is an act of murder. When it comes to physicians assisted suicide the Roman Catholics describe it as a grave sin against God, because it suggests that a person is in charge of their body instead of God the creator. Physicians assiste d suicide can be defined as a doctor or medical staff person prescribes a lethal amount of medication with the intent of assisting a person commit suicide (John 151). The patient then takes the dose or turns the switch. Since preserving life is the greatest good for Catholics, they believe that the 5th commandment in the Old Testament of the Bible says it all Thou shall not kill (John 14). They believe this applies to killing oneself or killing someone else who has asked to die such as a terminally ill patient. No human being has the authority to make life and death decisions. Killing denies the victim something that he or she values greatly, continued life or a future. Moreover, since continued life is necessary for pursuing future endeavors, killing brings the suppression of all of these plans. Therefore, Catholics believe that doctor assisted-suicide deprives an individual of a future that they potentially couldve had. In the case of sustaining life, it is said that one is obligated to use ordinary means, but one is not always obligated to use extraordinary means. The term ordinary means refers to all medicines, treatments, and operations, which offer a reasonable hope of benefit for the patient and which can be obtained and used without excessive expense, pain, or other inconvenience. By contrast, extraordinary means refers toall medicines, treatments, and operations which cannot be obtained or used without excessive expense, pain or other inconvenience, or which, if used, would not offer a reasonable hope of benefit. (John 30). These two concepts are derived from the general distinctions between avoiding evil and doing good. Thus, the duty to preserve life is a duty to do good which has reasonable limits, whereas euthanasia or mercy killing is evil and hence must be avoided. The Catholic position is a firm no to active euthanasia, but passive euthanasia could be acceptable in certain limited case s. For example, a therapy which was only prolonging death in a hopeless case and is morally acceptable, since the ultimate purpose is not suicide or euthanasia, but rather, an act whose moral object may be precisely described as allowing the patient to die for legitimate reasons. According to Roman Catholics, everything happens for a reason, by trying to control life or death, we would be interfering with Gods will. The sanctity of life principle, which rests on the human persons unique relationship with God, is the basis of the Churchs honoring of human life as a basic value. Under this principle, direct intervention to end the life of a patient in a terminal condition would not be condoned. This negative position also follows from the religious principle of divine sovereignty, the idea that God has the right over life and death, and the end of human life is not subject to a persons free judgment (Eike-Henner 32). Catholics believe that the end of life is a very spiritual time, and euthanasia happens to interrupt this spiritual moment. As stated in the bible So God made man to his own image, to the image of God he created him: male and female he created them. (Genesis 1:27). (Eike-Henner 37). Saying that God made man to his own image, does not mean that human beings look like God, but rather human beings have distinct capacity for rational existence that permits them to see what is good and want what is good. As people flourish these capabilities, they live a life that is equivalent to Gods life of love. The Roman Catholic Church affirms mans basic unity and his living in this world for God and for others. More than simply living in this world, the Church affirms life as a participation in the life of God in such a way that earthly life makes it possible and prepares one for participation in eternal life. Everyone faces death in its inevitability, a reality occurring only once. Catholics however, believe that death, like birth and life, is part of the same hu man condition. One is born in order to live and eventually die, having made the very best one could of all three conditions in one continuing totality. Death comes at the end of life so that one may go forward and meet in fullness having completed that life. Judaism is, in its essence, a life affirming faith. And Thou Shall live by them Gods Commandments, (Leviticus 18:5) is the central imperative of Torah. Orthodox Judaism is one of the modern Jewish movements who believe that both the Written and Oral Torah are divine and represents the word of God. (John 37) When it comes to the topic of euthanasia, Orthodox Jews believe that man is charged with preserving, dignifying and hallowing his life. But he is not given the absolute title over his life and body, only its caretaker, for life is a gift from God, to whom the individual is responsible for its preservation. My God, the soul with which Thou hast endowed me is pure. Thou hast created it. Thou hast formed it. Thou has breathed it into meà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦So long as there is soul within me, I give thanks before Thee, Lord my God. (John 99) Man is never called upon to determine whether life is worth living. According to Orthodox Jews life is a gift of infinite value. Since infinity is, by definition indivisible, it clearly makes no moral difference whether one shortens life by many years or by a few minutes, or he was old and physically or mentally disabled. In such cases, suicide is no less culpable than murder. When it comes to physician assisted suicide, one aspect needs to be taken into consideration, The Hippocratic Oath. The physician derives his ethical warrant from the Hippocratic Oath, which on one hand, requires that he desist from supplying deadly medicine to his patients for the purpose of hastening their demise, or even from offering advice which may lead to suicide, and on the other, that he relieves suffering. The discontinuation of artificial life supporting therapy is determined by the halakhic status (Jewish Law) of the terminally ill patient. A person who is regarded as having no chance of survival beyond 12 months, in spite of the application of all unknown therapeutic techniques is called a treifah (Eike-Henner 87). Therefore, regarded as a living being, and its ephemeral life has full halakhic value. However, if one kills a treifah is guilty of murder. However, if death is imminent, in consequence of loss of a vital organ or massive arterial bleeding it is termed a nevei la me-hayyim (Eike-Henner 87) and is not considered as already dead, because recovery is possible in exceptional cases. The final phase for terminally ill patients is called goses, (Eike-Henner 88) which is the inability to swallow own saliva. According to Judaism it is generally held that most patients in this condition cannot recover and that death will come within 3 days. If thats the case, then, the physician may discontinue medication for the existing condition and does not need to initiate treatment of an unrelated and possibly fatal complication. In all cases, nutriments as well as painkillers should be supplied. Among rabbinic ethicists, Rav Moshe Feinstein holds that when a patient is gripped by unbearable pain and suffering, nature should be allowed to take its course. Thus when a patient is on a respirator and the machine is temporarily removed for servicing, if the patient shows no sign of life the machine need not be restored (John 87). However, Orthodox Jews do allow f or the termination of artificial means of the patient if such means does not enhance the patients state and are the only things keeping the patient alive. It is also acceptable to take strong painkillers, even it they hasten death, as long as the drug is not the cause of death and the intention is to alleviate pain and not to cause death. Orthodox Jews do recognize the pain and suffering a patient experiences and the effect it has on the family, however, the Jewish faith has always responded against the termination of a persons life, even in the most severe cases when it may become evident to them that life is meaningless. Roman Catholics and Orthodox Jews have similar ethical views when it comes to the termination of ones life. They believe that suffering is used to purify ones soul, and God has the only right over a persons body. Dr. Kavorkian also known as Dr. Death is an American pathologist that performed assisted suicide in 1990s. From an Orthodox Jews perspective, Dr. Kavorkian is known as a murderer, because under the Jewish law, any form of active euthanasia is strictly prohibited and condemned as plain murder. Murder is one of the 3 fundamental sins prohibited by the Torah, and anyone who kills a person is guilty to the death penalty as a common murder. Similarly, the Roman Catholics disapprove physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia, on the grounds that it invades Gods property and to assist some in committing suicide is to commit murder, which goes against Gods unequivocal commandment Thou Shall not Kill. Euthanasia is one of the most controversial topics facing religions. The Bible and the Torah both state that human life is the property of God, and as humans we are only caretakers of that property, and have no consent of destroying something that does not belong to us. Every human life is valuable, regardless of their age, sex, or race. Catholics and Orthodox Jews would state that anybody who insists that they have the choice to terminate their life is denying the truth of their intrinsic relationship with God. People should not ask for euthanasia because no one knows the significance of each human being, for every human life is priceless

Coffee and Starbucks Essay

Starbucks has been the most successful coffee chain using their aggressive expansion strategies to surpass its competitors. Through its expansion, Starbucks has focused on creating a dense network of stores all around US, while also opening up new locations all around the world. However, Starbucks’ aggressive expansion strategies have posed major threats to its financial health such as tight cashflows, increase debts, poor liquidity ratios and etc. In addition, this approach can exacerbate competition among close Starbucks stores. Due to the aggressive expansion, Starbucks has lost its internal focus in its core business coffee and its unique â€Å"Starbucks Experience – third place†. The issues are how Starbucks can stay profitable in the future and at the same time sustain its dominant position in the gourmet coffee industry. We have examined the industry analysis that focuses on the industry trends, the firm competitive environment and followed by a SWOT analysis on Starbucks. Finally, we look at the company strategy analysis that focuses on the Starbucks’ strategic intent and its strategic position. From these analyses, we recommend a few options where Starbucks should pursue moving forward in order to avoid further decline and sustain its dominant position. .:Company Background & History:. Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice was established in 1971 by Jerry Baldwin, Zey Siegel and Gordon Bowker in Seattle to sell roasted coffee beans and coffee machines. (See Exhibit 1 for timeline) At that time, the founders’ philosophy was to provide high quality coffee and educate the public the art of appreciating fine coffee. It was the founders’ passion and strong commitment on educating the public that attracted Howard Schultz to join Starbucks in 1982 as the head of the marketing department, overseeing the company’s retail stores. On one of his business trips to Milan, Italy, Schultz stumbled upon an opportunity to revamp Starbucks and shift its focus from its original business activities. Schultz’s new business proposition for Starbucks was to serve freshly brewed coffee at their outlets which he sold to the founders without success. After many unsuccessful attempts, he left the Company. In 1987, Schultz acquired Starbucks from the founders and changed its name to the more abbreviated ‘Starbucks’ and modified her logo to what we see today. After the acquisition, he introduced the idea of ‘The Starbucks experience’ to all Starbucks’ outlets; that is to create a comfortable atmosphere for patrons to relax. From then on, every Starbucks outlet was the perfect duplicate of this concept. In 1992, Starbucks had launched an IPO and its common stock was being traded on the Nasdaq. In 1995, Starbucks venture overseas and formed a joint venture with SAZABY Inc to open Starbucks stores in Japan. In 1996, Starbucks first oversea outlet was opened in Tokyo. Today, Starbucks has a total of 7,087 Company operated stores and 4,081 License stores in US. Additionally, it has 1,796 Company operated stores and 2,792 Joint Venture and License store operating in other 43 countries. .:Definition of the Industry, Competitors and Scope of Analysis: Generally, Starbucks is in the Food and Beverages industry. However for the purpose of this paper, we would define Starbucks to be in the gourmet coffee industry with the following competitors : †¢Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf; †¢Costa Coffee; †¢Caribou Coffee (See Exhibit 2 for a brief write up on reasons for the choice of these competitors and some background information of them) For the purpose of this paper, our analysis will be focusing on Starbucks in US and Australia. The next section provides an overview of the gourmet coffee industry and the competitive environment in US and Australia. .:Overview of the Industry:. .:Political Forces:. Generally both the US and the Australia political situation appeared to be well established and stable. This will provide a good platform for both current businesses and new businesses to operate in. In US, despite the current verge of recession, the political mood is still likely to favour increased regulation of businesses. In addition, even though international tensions are likely to remain but their impact on political stability and economy will remain minimal. Similarly in Australia, the political climate is likely to remain relatively stable. Although the relationship between the federal government and the states had been rocky in the past; it has improved after the introduction of a more stable formula for revenue distribution. .:Economical Forces:. US: Real economic growth is expected to slow from an estimated 4% in 2008 to 3. 8% in 2009. The modest slowdown reflects the impact of lower demand from its trading partner. As these exists imbalances in the economy and the poor short-term outlook for growth, it is assumed that conditions in the US are now recessionary and that growth will remain very weak in 2009. This will in turn affect the GDP and the disposable income of its residents. Australia: Traditionally, rapid growth in Australia has been slowdown recently due to recession. Improved monetary and fiscal management have reduced macroeconomic volatility, but risks and imbalances are present. The low domestic savings rate renders the banking system dependant on foreign financing. The current account deficit is large, and international financial markets may start to worry about the underlying causes. Bubble conditions also seem to exist in the housing market. .:Socio-cultural Forces: Consumers’ Perceptions and Disposable Income:. US: There had been an increase in coffee consumption in the US market though the rate had slowed down in 2005 posing threats to coffee retailers. Recently, US consumers had increasingly opt for healthier hot drinks such as tea and RTD beverages which affect coffee consumption rate. The trend is likely to continue, leading to decline in coffee consumption. Australia: Coffee sales had experienced quite lukewarm growth from 2000 to 2005. The culture of cafe had caused more people to opt for on-trade sales coffee at the cafe instead of home-brewed coffee. According to BIS Shrapnel, people increasingly tend to go to cafes for their coffee and there is an increase of 50% within 2 years in coffee consumption. .:Technological Forces: Technological Developments:. Technological changes have created many new products and processes. It helps to reduce costs, improve quality and lead to innovations which in turn benefits consumers as well as organizations. Many organizations in the gourmet coffee industry had recognized the importance of providing wireless internet access and Wi-Fi hotspots to its patrons. These technology advances had created a leisure place for patrons to surf net or hang out after home and work. Most of the organizations had also introduced automated coffee machines to speed up the brewing process so as to shorten waiting time. To further improve business operations and efficiency, some organizations have also make use of information technology systems to help them run their businesses more smoothly. .:Environmental Forces:. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming, many organizations in the gourmet coffee industry had increased their environment awareness by reduced the usage of disposable cups to serve coffee and increased the use of ceramic mugs. Furthermore, the organizations had also reduced the size of their paper napkins, paper bags and in store garbage bags. The organizations were also encouraged to purchase Fairtrade certified coffees so as to promote responsible environmental and economic efforts. The following section presents our analysis of gourmet coffee industry with the aid of Michael Porters 5 Forces model. .: Analysis of Gourmet Coffee Industry- Porter 5 Forces:. Please refer to exhibit 3 for the criteria used for the scoring of each forces and an analysis of each forces. Force #1: Threat of New Entry:. †¢Threat of new entry is high. †¢High start up cost involved in purchasing equipments, sourcing for coffee beans and training barista. †¢Strong brand identity leading to high switching cost for consumers Score: 10 Force #2: Threat of Substitutes:. †¢Substitutes are gourmet coffee of a different brand †¢Current gourmet coffee industries is saturated †¢High switching cost. †¢Threat of substitutes considered to be relatively high Score: 6 Force #3: Bargaining Power of Suppliers:. †¢Majority of commercially available coffee beans come from a few industrializes countries. †¢Increase the cost of coffee houses in sourcing and gaining access to these high quality coffee beans. †¢Bargaining power of suppliers is relatively high Score: 5 Force #4: Bargaining Power of Consumers†¢Bargaining power of customers is relatively neutral. †¢Current player gained brand loyalty †¢Product differentiation helps to retain current customer and attract new customers. †¢However price sensitive customers might seek for cheaper alternative. Score: 0 Force #5: Rivalry between Competitors:. †¢Intensity of rivalry is moderate. †¢Brand identity and high switching cost is relatively unfavorable to new player that has just entered the market. Score: 3 Conclusion:From the above analysis, we noted that the threat of new entry, the bargaining power of the supplier and threat of substitutes are relatively high. On the other hand the bargaining power of the consumers is neutral and the intensity of rivalry is moderate. Hence from the above.

The Snow Man by Wallace Stevens

Afterlife: the complete emptiness Wallace Stevens (1879–1955) wrote most of his poems during the world wars period, which took the lives of millions of people. As a result, Wallace Stevens started to question the importance of religion in the modern era, and felt that you should enjoy your life in the present and not waste time living for an afterlife. In his poem â€Å"The Snow Man†, Stevens describes a harsh winter environment creating a unique dramatic situation through an effective imagery. He leads the reader from a relatively objective description of a winter scene to a subjective emotional response. Roberts Pack’s essay on â€Å"The Snow Man† discusses the idea of perception, while David Perkins while focuses on the relationship between imagination and reality through the perspective of the snow man. Is Wallace Steven concerned with imagination and reality, or perception? In â€Å"The Snow Man†, the atypical syntax and logic of the poem, as well as the usage of imagery, compels the reader to perceive the poem from an untraditional in order to both understand the role of nature and realize its very theme is death. The title of the poem â€Å"The Snow Man† is very confusing for the reader. At first we â€Å"visualize balls of snow placed on top of each other, coals for eyes, a carrot nose† as Perkins implies, and don’t see the relation with the poem. But after a few readings we discover the snow man and the listener are one individual. The lines â€Å"One must have a mind of winter† (1. 1) and â€Å"And have been cold a long time†(2. 1) indicate in my opinion the listener is dead. Why so? Winter implies cold, and cold equals death. So if the snow man has a mind of winter, it means he is dead. The snow man is indeed an image to describe this dead body, which is recovered by ice and snow. It is also a symbol of the cycle of life, which always ends with death. Once spring is here, the snow man will melt, it won't last forever. Just like a dead body would decompose, and turn into dust. In fact, we get the sense that we are reading through the listener’s mind. The first thing that is noticeable about the poem is that it is actually just one long, complex sentence, there is no rhyme, and each line has a different length. One question that may arise with is this: if the poem really was meant to imitate the mind's flow of thought, then why did Stevens write it in just one line instead of dividing it into five tercets? Without this specific structure the poem would lose in mood and tone. The dramatic situation is set on a cold and quiet winter day, with very little movement in the surroundings. The poem itself should be the same, gentle and unhurried. This is achieved with the use of pauses after lines and stanzas. Because when someone dies his soul is liberated from the burdens of life. The fourth line of the poem gives it this mood and tone too. It provides a further slowing down with the use of one syllable words, and of assonance with the long â€Å"o† sound â€Å"cold/long†, reinforcing the idea of the time passing and death. We can divide the poem into two distinctive parts. The first part (from the beginning to half of the seventh line â€Å"Of the January sun†), correlates with the dead man losing all sorts of feelings because of the cold. The speaker describes the harshness off the environment surrounding the dead man. The words employed are very particular, achieving nuances which contribute to the vividness of the picture. For instance, the word â€Å"crusted†(1. 3) is used instead of â€Å"covered,† suggesting not only that it covers, but also the snow's firmness and roughness. We can assimilate the snow to the roots of a tree. It is obvious that there is an accumulation of the â€Å"r† sound, as in â€Å"regard,† â€Å"frost,† â€Å"pine-trees†, â€Å"crusted†, â€Å"junipers†, spruces†, â€Å"rough†, â€Å"glitter†, and â€Å"January†, adding vividness to the description. One particular image contained in these lines is that of the â€Å"distant glitter/ of the January sun† (2. 3/3. 1). The use of the sound â€Å"i† in assonance, support the idea that the sun is so distant, it has no effect. The enjambment and the separation of the phrase â€Å"of the January sun† into the next stanza, also relates this idea of distance. So even if the sun is visible in the sky, it doesn’t play its true role: provide heat. The speaker is almost saying he prefers darkness. The dead man losing his mind is the main subject of the second part (from and â€Å"not to think† to the end). The listener considers his self a snow man, enabling him to view the world through different eyes, and thus enables him to see the vivid little details of the scene, which he would not normally see. The dead man is leaving behind his own mind and assuming the snow man’s mind, liberating him from any sufferance. This idea is supported by the word â€Å"think†, emphasized by the enjambment â€Å"and not to think / of any misery†(3. -2). Therefore, it is clear these lines aim to appeal to the reader's sense of hearing. It contains multiple instances of the word â€Å"sound,† as well as the words â€Å"listener† and â€Å"listen. † In addition, there also is a prevailing use of the sound â€Å"s† – â€Å"misery,† â€Å"sound,† â€Å"leaves,† †Å"same,† â€Å"listener,† â€Å"listens,† and â€Å"snow†, which mimics the hissing â€Å"sound of the wind†(3. 2). On top of this, it is known that the absence of one sense contributes to the acuteness of another. In this instance, the dead man gives up his sense of sight, and tries listening instead of looking. He is able to hear the normally soft, quiet â€Å"sound the wind†, and â€Å"the sound of a few leaves†(3. 3). I think the speaker addresses the use of sound, because sound tells us a lot about our surroundings even if we don’t use our vision. In our society sound enables us to communicate, and to lose this sense indirectly signifies we are as good dead. Another aspect of this process is the movement from something particular and small to something more vague and vast. The â€Å"boughs of pine-trees,† â€Å"the junipers,† and â€Å"the spruces† disappear to become â€Å"the same bare place†, and â€Å"the sound of a few leaves† becomes â€Å"the sound of the land†. Along the poem, the dead man disregards his self. Slowly he loses his thought (death of the mind) and feelings (death of the body), then his sense’s from sight to hearing are reduced, and finally loses his distinctiveness by assuming the snow man’s mind. And, since the mind of a snow man is lifeless, the listener would ultimately become nothing, as stated in the 14th line â€Å"And, nothing himself†. This idea of â€Å"being nothing† is, given importance by putting the phrase, â€Å"nothing himself† in the middle of the line instead of the beginning or end, and by the repetition of the word â€Å"nothing† in the last two lines. The last line of the poem â€Å"Nothing that is not there and the nothing that is†(5. 3), the longest of it, is given more importance because it holds the key to Steven’s message. The fricative â€Å"th† gives it an echoing sound. The line starts with the word â€Å"behold† (it means to see) due to the use of the enjambment in line 14, which emphasises the message of this particular word. By combining the words â€Å"Behold† and â€Å"nothing†, Stevens is saying the dead man, aka the â€Å"listener†, is just sitting there dead and there is nothing, nothing to think about and nothing to do. Even if the speaker does a concession in by opposing â€Å"is not there† vs â€Å"that is†. The speaker is inducing there is nothing in the afterlife. In conclusion, â€Å"The Snow Man† is a poem about death, and the emptiness of the world. The dead man or the listener gradually loses his body, and then his mind to a snow man. The snow man is an image of the body in this cold environment. By assuming the mind of a snow man, he is condemning himself to disappear physically and mentally. Wrapping it up can be argued Wallace Stevens message is that there is no afterlife and there is no point in believing in religion. It would be interesting to study how Stevens personal and professional life shaped his opinion on religion. Work Cited †¢ Wallace, Stevens. â€Å"The Snow Man†. The Columbia Anthology of American Poetry. Jay Parini. New York. Columbia University Press. Page 310. Print. †¢ Pack Robert. Wallace Stevens: An approach to his poetry and thought. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1958. Copyright  © 1958 by Rutgers, The State University. †¢ Perkins, David. A History of Modern Poetry: From the 1890s to the High Modernist Mode (Cambridge: Harvard U P, 1976), 542-544